COMMENTS:It is difficult to sort out native words (related to PNC *ṭāpV) vs. Romance words. Trask (EDB 350) has the Bsq words “from Gasc. toupin id. or a related Rom. form. {Occ. topin id.}." According to REW (8788) it is attested in French toupu, toupon ‘top’ (toy), Swiss-French topẽ, tupẽ ‘earthen pot; cowbell’, Prov. topí, Cat. tupí ‘earthen pot’. The words are cited under the heading OHG topho ‘Kreisel; Topf’, but the author casts doubt on High German provenance on phonetic grounds. Could it not just as likely have been a Vasconic word that left traces in surrounding Rom. and Gmc. languages?
COMMENTS:The numerous variants show metathesis and folk etymology (ugabere 'water animal': cf. *a=bele). External comparison suggests *u-dagera is probably original (*u- for *hur 'water').
MEANING:1 wave (in water), flow, current 2 to have edema, dropsy 3 edema, dropsy
LAB:uhin 1, uhan-tu 2, uhan-tura 3
ZBR:ühaiñ, ühañ 1
COMMENTS:The usual interpretation of this word as *hur 'water' + *gain 'top' is both semantically and phonetically improbable, especially in view of the words that mean 'edema, dropsy'.
MEANING:1 understand, comprehend 2 suspect, foresee 3 perceive, feel, sense
BZK:uler-tu 1, 2
GIP:uler-tu 1, 3
COMMENTS:A verb derived from PSC *ʡwĭlʡí 'eye'. For the formation with *-r, cf. Archi lur 'eye', with a fossilized plural marker (< PLezgian *ʔʷil-er 'eyes'). Comparison suggested by G. Starostin. Cf. also Bsq *le-t-(hagin) 'eye-tooth, canine tooth'.
COMMENTS:According to Azkue the form uzen 'name' is restricted to 4 villages in B: Arratia, Bermeo, Orozko, Txorierri. Bsq *u=se-n and *hic (and the verb *e=śa-n 'say, tell') seem to be different permutations of the same PSC root, *=ēmcŪ́.
COMMENTS:A southwestern Bsq word; the northeast prefers *tupV (q.v.) with some of the same meanings. *upe(l), *tupV, and Romance words derived from Lat. cūpa have blended to some extent in Bsq, so much so that some etymologists have conflated them, with alternating initials (or none) (!) . BNV, LAB dupel 'cask' looks like a blend.
COMMENTS:S.A. Starostin reconstructed PSC *=ɨ̄́rŁV ‘stomach, belly’; the Bsq word may be from this stem with the fossilized class prefix *u= and the suffix -(i)l, frequent in body part terms: cf. Bsq *śabe-l ‘belly’, (AN) zurzu-il ‘nape’, etc., thus *u=rda-il. Any association with Bsq *urde ‘pig’ (q.v.) must be secondary.
COMMENTS:Bsq ordots ~ ordotx ~ ordotz 'boar' (cited as "common" Bsq by Azkue) seems to be a haplologic compound of *urde + *oroć ‘male animal’ (q.v.).
COMMENTS:The connection of 'blue' and 'iron' is also found in PNC *nHǟƛ̣_wV̆ 'blue; (blue metal) > iron', in this analysis cognate (by metathesis) with the Bsq words here.
COMMENTS:This word is often conflated in etymologies with *gurhi 'butter, grease' (q.v.), but the coexistence of gu(r)hi and ú(r)in in Zuberoan shows that the words are etymologically distinct. The SAL meaning 'resin, gum' also points to distinct origin of *urin, for which an external cognate is still unkown.
